A formal document, typically issued by an examining body or educational institution, summarizes a candidate’s performance in a specific examination or course. This document usually lists the individual subjects or assessments undertaken, the grades or marks achieved in each, and an overall result or qualification awarded. For instance, it might detail a student’s scores on individual sections of a standardized test, alongside an overall percentile rank.
This type of documentation plays a vital role in academic and professional progression. It serves as official proof of a candidate’s competencies and achievements, enabling access to further education, professional certifications, or employment opportunities. Historically, these records have evolved from simple transcripts to comprehensive reports reflecting a broader range of skills and knowledge. Their significance lies not just in recording performance, but also in facilitating informed decisions by individuals, institutions, and employers.