This phrase points to the underlying causes of miscarriages of justice. It suggests that rather than isolated incidents of error, wrongful convictions are frequently a consequence of systemic issues and converging factors within the criminal justice system. For instance, an eyewitness misidentification compounded by inadequate legal representation could lead to an innocent person being convicted.
Understanding the root causes of these miscarriages is crucial for reforming the legal system and preventing future injustices. By analyzing the factors that contribute to wrongful convictions, we can identify weaknesses in investigative procedures, evidentiary standards, and legal practices. Historically, various inquiries and exonerations have highlighted recurring problems, leading to important reforms such as improved forensic science techniques and greater access to post-conviction DNA testing.