Mitosis is a fundamental process of cell division resulting in two genetically identical daughter cells from a single parent cell. This process is essential for growth, repair, and asexual reproduction in multicellular organisms. For example, skin cells constantly undergo mitosis to replace damaged or dead cells, maintaining the integrity of the skin barrier. The precise duplication and segregation of chromosomes ensure that each daughter cell receives a complete and accurate copy of the parent cell’s genetic material.
The accurate replication and distribution of chromosomes during cell division are critical for maintaining genetic stability within an organism. Errors in this process can lead to mutations and potentially contribute to the development of diseases like cancer. Historically, understanding mitosis has been crucial for advancements in fields such as genetics, developmental biology, and medicine. It underpins our understanding of how organisms grow, develop, and maintain themselves throughout their lifespan.
