Hydraulic fracturing, commonly known as fracking, has brought about significant changes in the energy landscape. The process of injecting high-pressure fluid into shale formations to release trapped oil and natural gas has led to increased domestic energy production and a shift in global energy markets. This technological advancement has stimulated economic growth in regions rich in these resources.
The rise of this extraction method has contributed to greater energy independence for several nations and provided a relatively affordable energy source, fostering industrial development and job creation. However, the practice’s history is also marked by ongoing debates surrounding its environmental impact, including potential groundwater contamination and induced seismicity. Understanding these multifaceted consequences is critical for responsible implementation and regulation.
