Scientific inquiry generates estimates of true values rather than definitive pronouncements. For example, measuring the speed of light yields a highly precise value, yet it remains an approximation, subject to the limitations of measurement instruments and experimental design. Similarly, statistical analyses in social sciences produce estimates of population parameters, acknowledging inherent variability and potential biases.
Understanding the inherent limitations of empirical investigation allows for more nuanced interpretations of findings. This recognition fosters critical thinking, encourages further research to refine estimates, and promotes intellectual humility within the scientific community. Historically, scientific progress has been marked by successive refinements of approximations, gradually approaching a deeper understanding of natural phenomena. Acknowledging the approximate nature of findings helps avoid overconfident interpretations and promotes a culture of continuous improvement.
